Water Quality and Regulations

Dirty water tanks harm children more than anyone else in the house. Children drink more water for their size, their immune systems are still developing, and they dehydrate quickly when diarrhoea starts. A tank with sludge and bacterial film exposes them every day through drinking water, formula, bath water, brushed teeth and washed fruit. The […]

Karachi’s water quality is governed by three layers of rules. The Karachi Water and Sewerage Corporation (KWSC) is responsible for treating and supplying water. Pakistan’s National Standards for Drinking Water Quality set the limits that water should meet. The Sindh Environmental Protection Act, 2014 prohibits pollution of water sources. The courts have stepped in repeatedly

Bacteria get into Karachi’s water tanks with the supply, through open lids and through cracks, and they multiply in the sludge on the floor and the slimy film on the walls. To get rid of them you have to do two things in order: physically remove the sludge and film, then disinfect the cleaned surfaces

Industrialization affects Karachi’s water quality in three ways. Factories discharge untreated effluent into the Lyari and Malir rivers and the sea. Chemicals seep into the groundwater that bores and some tankers draw from. And industry and the population it attracts take a growing share of a supply that was never enough. Karachi generates about 472

Legionella are bacteria that grow in warm, stagnant water and cause a serious form of pneumonia called Legionnaires’ disease when people breathe in contaminated water droplets. They multiply between 20 and 50°C, fastest at about 35°C, which is the temperature of a rooftop tank in Karachi for much of the year. The risk is controlled

Yes, Karachi has hard water, but it depends on the source. Boring water across most of the city is very hard and often salty. Line water from the Indus and Hub systems is much softer. Most homes use a mix of both, plus tankers, so the scale in your tank tells you which source dominates.

Safe water in a Karachi home takes two things working together: a clean storage tank and the right filter for your water source. For line water, a sediment filter plus ultraviolet (UV) or ultrafiltration (UF) treatment, or simply boiling, deals with the main risk, which is bacteria. For salty boring water, only reverse osmosis (RO)